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The 13 ABC transporter Repeats and their disease

S.NOUniprot ID Protein Name Sequence LengthABC transporter Repeats regionDisease
1 Q86UK0 ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 12 2595"DISEASE: Ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 4A (ARCI4A) [MIM:601277]: A form of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, a disorder of keratinization with abnormal differentiation and desquamation of the epidermis, resulting in abnormal skin scaling over the whole body.
The main skin phenotypes are lamellar ichthyosis (LI) and non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE), although phenotypic overlap within the same patient or among patients from the same family can occur.
Lamellar ichthyosis is a condition often associated with an embedment in a collodion-like membrane at birth; skin scales later develop, covering the entire body surface.
Non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma characterized by fine whitish scaling on an erythrodermal background; larger brownish scales are present on the buttocks, neck and legs.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 4B (ARCI4B) [MIM:242500]: A rare, very severe form of congenital ichthyosis, in which the neonate is born with a thick covering of armor-like scales.
The skin dries out to form hard diamond-shaped plaques separated by fissures, resembling 'armor plating'.
The normal facial features are severely affected, with distortion of the lips (eclabion), eyelids (ectropion), ears, and nostrils.
Affected babies are often born prematurely and rarely survive the perinatal period.
Babies who survive into infancy and beyond develop skin changes resembling severe non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
2 O60706 ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 9 1549"DISEASE: Cardiomyopathy, dilated 1O (CMD1O) [MIM:608569]: A disorder characterized by ventricular dilation and impaired systolic function, resulting in congestive heart failure and arrhythmia.
Patients are at risk of premature death.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Atrial fibrillation, familial, 12 (ATFB12) [MIM:614050]: A familial form of atrial fibrillation, a common sustained cardiac rhythm disturbance.
Atrial fibrillation is characterized by disorganized atrial electrical activity and ineffective atrial contraction promoting blood stasis in the atria and reduces ventricular filling.
It can result in palpitations, syncope, thromboembolic stroke, and congestive heart failure.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia (HTOCD) [MIM:239850]: A rare disorder characterized by congenital hypertrichosis, neonatal macrosomia, a distinct osteochondrodysplasia, and cardiomegaly.
The hypertrichosis leads to thick scalp hair, which extends onto the forehead, and a general increase in body hair.
In addition, macrocephaly and coarse facial features, including a broad nasal bridge, epicanthal folds, a wide mouth, and full lips, can be suggestive of a storage disorder.
About half of affected individuals are macrosomic and edematous at birth, whereas in childhood they usually have a muscular appearance with little subcutaneous fat.
Thickened calvarium, narrow thorax, wide ribs, flattened or ovoid vertebral bodies, coxa valga, osteopenia, enlarged medullary canals, and metaphyseal widening of long bones have been reported.
Cardiac manifestations such as patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary hypertension, and pericardial effusions are present in approximately 80% of cases.
Motor development is usually delayed due to hypotonia.
Most patients have a mild speech delay, and a small percentage have learning difficulties or intellectual disability.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
3 Q09428 ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 8 1581"DISEASE: Leucine-induced hypoglycemia (LIH) [MIM:240800]: Rare cause of hypoglycemia and is described as a condition in which symptomatic hypoglycemia is provoked by high protein feedings.
Hypoglycemia is also elicited by administration of oral or intravenous infusions of a single amino acid, leucine.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Familial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia 1 (HHF1) [MIM:256450]: Most common cause of persistent hypoglycemia in infancy.
Unless early and aggressive intervention is undertaken, brain damage from recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia may occur.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Diabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal (PNDM) [MIM:606176]: A rare form of diabetes distinct from childhood-onset autoimmune diabetes mellitus type 1.
It is characterized by insulin-requiring hyperglycemia that is diagnosed within the first months of life.
Permanent neonatal diabetes requires lifelong therapy.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus 2 (TNDM2) [MIM:610374]: Neonatal diabetes is a form of diabetes mellitus defined by the onset of mild-to-severe hyperglycemia within the first months of life.
Transient neonatal diabetes remits early, with a possible relapse during adolescence.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
4 O95255 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 6 1503"DISEASE: Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) [MIM:264800]: A multisystem disorder characterized by accumulation of mineralized and fragmented elastic fibers in the skin, vascular walls, and Burch membrane in the eye.
Clinically, patients exhibit characteristic lesions of the posterior segment of the eye including peau d'orange, angioid streaks, and choroidal neovascularizations, of the skin including soft, ivory colored papules in a reticular pattern that predominantly affect the neck and large flexor surfaces, and of the cardiovascular system with peripheral and coronary arterial occlusive disease as well as gastrointestinal bleedings.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Homozygous or compound heterozygous ABCC6 mutations have been found in the overwhelming majority of cases.
Individuals carrying heterozygous mutations express limited manifestations of the pseudoxanthoma elasticum phenotype.
; DISEASE: Arterial calcification of infancy, generalized, 2 (GACI2) [MIM:614473]: A severe autosomal recessive disorder characterized by calcification of the internal elastic lamina of muscular arteries and stenosis due to myointimal proliferation.
The disorder is often fatal within the first 6 months of life because of myocardial ischemia resulting in refractory heart failure.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
5 Q92887 Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 1545"DISEASE: Dubin-Johnson syndrome (DJS) [MIM:237500]: Autosomal recessive disorder characterized by conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, an increase in the urinary excretion of coproporphyrin isomer I, deposition of melanin-like pigment in hepatocytes, and prolonged retention of sulfobromophthalein, but otherwise normal liver function.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
6 P08183 Multidrug resistance protein 1 1280"DISEASE: Inflammatory bowel disease 13 (IBD13) [MIM:612244]: A chronic, relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract with a complex etiology.
It is subdivided into Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis phenotypes.
Crohn disease may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus, but most frequently it involves the terminal ileum and colon.
Bowel inflammation is transmural and discontinuous; it may contain granulomas or be associated with intestinal or perianal fistulas.
In contrast, in ulcerative colitis, the inflammation is continuous and limited to rectal and colonic mucosal layers; fistulas and granulomas are not observed.
Both diseases include extraintestinal inflammation of the skin, eyes, or joints.
Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
7 Q99758 ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 3 1704DISEASE: Pulmonary surfactant metabolism dysfunction 3 (SMDP3) [MIM:610921]: A rare lung disorder due to impaired surfactant homeostasis.
It is characterized by alveolar filling with floccular material that stains positive using the periodic acid-Schiff method and is derived from surfactant phospholipids and protein components.
Excessive lipoproteins accumulation in the alveoli results in severe respiratory distress.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
8 P21439 Phosphatidylcholine translocator ABCB4 1286"DISEASE: Cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 3 (PFIC3) [MIM:602347]: A disorder characterized by early onset of cholestasis that progresses to hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and end-stage liver disease before adulthood.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Cholestasis of pregnancy, intrahepatic 3 (ICP3) [MIM:614972]: A liver disorder of pregnancy.
It presents during the second or, more commonly, the third trimester of pregnancy with intense pruritus which becomes more severe with advancing gestation and cholestasis.
It causes fetal distress, spontaneous premature delivery and intrauterine death.
Patients have spontaneous and progressive disappearance of cholestasis after delivery.
Cholestasis results from abnormal biliary transport from the liver into the small intestine.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Gallbladder disease 1 (GBD1) [MIM:600803]: One of the major digestive diseases.
Gallstones composed of cholesterol (cholelithiasis) are the common manifestations in western countries.
Most people with gallstones, however, remain asymptomatic through their lifetimes.
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Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
9 O95342 Bile salt export pump 1321"DISEASE: Cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 2 (PFIC2) [MIM:601847]: A disorder characterized by early onset of cholestasis that progresses to hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and end-stage liver disease before adulthood.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Cholestasis, benign recurrent intrahepatic, 2 (BRIC2) [MIM:605479]: A disorder characterized by intermittent episodes of cholestasis without progression to liver failure.
There is initial elevation of serum bile acids, followed by cholestatic jaundice which generally spontaneously resolves after periods of weeks to months.
The cholestatic attacks vary in severity and duration.
Patients are asymptomatic between episodes, both clinically and biochemically.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
10 Q8IZY2 ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 7 2146"DISEASE: Alzheimer disease 9 (AD9) [MIM:608907]: A familial, late-onset form of Alzheimer disease.
Alzheimer disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive dementia, loss of cognitive abilities, and deposition of fibrillar amyloid proteins as intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles, extracellular amyloid plaques and vascular amyloid deposits.
The major constituents of these plaques are neurotoxic amyloid-beta protein 40 and amyloid-beta protein 42, that are produced by the proteolysis of the transmembrane APP protein.
The cytotoxic C-terminal fragments (CTFs) and the caspase-cleaved products, such as C31, are also implicated in neuronal death.
Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
11 P13569 Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator 1480"DISEASE: Cystic fibrosis (CF) [MIM:219700]: A common generalized disorder of the exocrine glands which impairs clearance of secretions in a variety of organs.
It is characterized by the triad of chronic bronchopulmonary disease (with recurrent respiratory infections), pancreatic insufficiency (which leads to malabsorption and growth retardation) and elevated sweat electrolytes.
It is the most common genetic disease in Caucasians, with a prevalence of about 1 in 2'000 live births.
Inheritance is autosomal recessive.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) [MIM:277180]: Important cause of sterility in men and could represent an incomplete form of cystic fibrosis, as the majority of men suffering from cystic fibrosis lack the vas deferens.
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Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
12 O95477 ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 1 2261"DISEASE: High density lipoprotein deficiency 1 (HDLD1) [MIM:205400]: Recessive disorder characterized by absence of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol from plasma, accumulation of cholesteryl esters, premature coronary artery disease (CAD), hepatosplenomegaly, recurrent peripheral neuropathy and progressive muscle wasting and weakness.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: High density lipoprotein deficiency 2 (HDLD2) [MIM:604091]: Inherited as autosomal dominant trait.
It is characterized by moderately low HDL cholesterol, predilection toward premature coronary artery disease (CAD) and a reduction in cellular cholesterol efflux.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
13 P78363 Retinal-specific ATP-binding cassette transporter 2273"DISEASE: Stargardt disease 1 (STGD1) [MIM:248200]: A common hereditary macular degeneration.
It is characterized by decreased central vision, atrophy of the macula and underlying retinal pigment epithelium, and frequent presence of prominent flecks in the posterior pole of the retina.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Fundus flavimaculatus (FFM) [MIM:248200]: Autosomal recessive retinal disorder very similar to Stargardt disease.
In contrast to Stargardt disease, FFM is characterized by later onset and slowly progressive course.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Macular degeneration, age-related, 2 (ARMD2) [MIM:153800]: A form of age-related macular degeneration, a multifactorial eye disease and the most common cause of irreversible vision loss in the developed world.
In most patients, the disease is manifest as ophthalmoscopically visible yellowish accumulations of protein and lipid that lie beneath the retinal pigment epithelium and within an elastin-containing structure known as Bruch membrane.
Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Cone-rod dystrophy 3 (CORD3) [MIM:604116]: An inherited retinal dystrophy characterized by retinal pigment deposits visible on fundus examination, predominantly in the macular region, and initial loss of cone photoreceptors followed by rod degeneration.
This leads to decreased visual acuity and sensitivity in the central visual field, followed by loss of peripheral vision.
Severe loss of vision occurs earlier than in retinitis pigmentosa, due to cone photoreceptors degenerating at a higher rate than rod photoreceptors.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Retinitis pigmentosa 19 (RP19) [MIM:601718]: A retinal dystrophy belonging to the group of pigmentary retinopathies.
Retinitis pigmentosa is characterized by retinal pigment deposits visible on fundus examination and primary loss of rod photoreceptor cells followed by secondary loss of cone photoreceptors.
Patients typically have night vision blindness and loss of midperipheral visual field.
As their condition progresses, they lose their far peripheral visual field and eventually central vision as well.
RP19 is characterized by choroidal atrophy.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".