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The 11 C2 Repeats and their disease

S.NOUniprot ID Protein Name Sequence LengthC2 Repeats regionDisease
1 O75923 Dysferlin 2080"DISEASE: Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2B (LGMD2B) [MIM:253601]: An autosomal recessive degenerative myopathy characterized by weakness and atrophy starting in the proximal pelvifemoral muscles, with onset in the late teens or later, massive elevation of serum creatine kinase levels and slow progression.
Scapular muscle involvement is minor and not present at onset.
Upper limb girdle involvement follows some years after the onset in lower limbs.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Miyoshi muscular dystrophy 1 (MMD1) [MIM:254130]: A late-onset muscular dystrophy involving the distal lower limb musculature.
It is characterized by weakness that initially affects the gastrocnemius muscle during early adulthood.
27}.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Distal myopathy with anterior tibial onset (DMAT) [MIM:606768]: Onset of the disorder is between 14 and 28 years of age and the anterior tibial muscles are the first muscle group to be involved.
Inheritance is autosomal recessive.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
2 Q4AC94 C2 domain-containing protein 32353"DISEASE: Orofaciodigital syndrome 14 (OFD14) [MIM:615948]: A form of orofaciodigital syndrome, a group of heterogeneous disorders characterized by malformations of the oral cavity, face and digits, and associated phenotypic abnormalities that lead to the delineation of various subtypes.
OFD14 patients show severe microcephaly, cerebral malformations the molar tooth sign, and intellectual disability in addition to canonical OFDS features.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
3 Q8N9I0 Synaptotagmin-2 419"DISEASE: Myasthenic syndrome, congenital, 7, presynaptic (CMS7) [MIM:616040]: A form of congenital myasthenic syndrome, a group of disorders characterized by failure of neuromuscular transmission, including pre-synaptic, synaptic, and post-synaptic disorders that are not of autoimmune origin.
Clinical features are easy fatigability and muscle weakness.
CMS7 is an autosomal dominant, presynaptic disorder resembling Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome.
Affected individuals have a variable degree of proximal and distal limb weakness, muscle fatigue that improves with rest, mild gait difficulties, and reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
4 P21579 Synaptotagmin-1 422"DISEASE: Note=A SYT1 rare mutation has been found in a child with a severe neuro-developmental disorder.
The individual harboring this variant shows early onset dyskinetic movement disorder, severe motor delay and profound cognitive impairment, suggesting that SYT1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of this neuro-developmental disorder".
5 Q6DN12 Multiple C2 and transmembrane domain-containing protein 2878"DISEASE: Note=Heterozygosity for a 2.
2-Mb deletion at chromosome 15q26.
2, encompassing MCTP2, has been identified in a 10-year-old girl and her 3-year-old half brother, who had both coarctation of the aorta associated with dysmorphic features and ventricular septal defects.
An intragenic MCTP2 duplication, leading to premature truncation (F697X) within the first transmembrane region of the protein, has also been observed in a male patient with a non-syndromic complex cardiac malformation involving coarctation, hypoplastic left heart, mitral atresia, bicuspid aortic valve and muscular ventricular septal defect.
Although the link between left ventricular outflow tract malformations and MCTP2 could not be established, it has been proposed that defects in the MCTP2 gene may contribute to phenotype.
This hypothesis is supported by the observation that Xenopus laevis embryos treated with MCTP2 morpholinos show no evidence of endocardial cushion formation at any level of the developing outflow tract (PubMed:23773997)".
6 Q86UR5 Regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1 1692"DISEASE: Cone-rod dystrophy 7 (CORD7) [MIM:603649]: An inherited retinal dystrophy characterized by retinal pigment deposits visible on fundus examination, predominantly in the macular region, and initial loss of cone photoreceptors followed by rod degeneration.
This leads to decreased visual acuity and sensitivity in the central visual field, followed by loss of peripheral vision.
Severe loss of vision occurs earlier than in retinitis pigmentosa, due to cone photoreceptors degenerating at a higher rate than rod photoreceptors.
Note=The disease may be caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
7 Q9HC10 Otoferlin 1997"DISEASE: Deafness, autosomal recessive, 9 (DFNB9) [MIM:601071]: A form of non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss.
Sensorineural deafness results from damage to the neural receptors of the inner ear, the nerve pathways to the brain, or the area of the brain that receives sound information.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Auditory neuropathy, autosomal recessive, 1 (AUNB1) [MIM:601071]: A form of sensorineural hearing loss with absent or severely abnormal auditory brainstem response, in the presence of normal cochlear outer hair cell function and normal otoacoustic emissions.
Auditory neuropathies result from a lesion in the area including the inner hair cells, connections between the inner hair cells and the cochlear branch of the auditory nerve, the auditory nerve itself and auditory pathways of the brainstem.
In some cases AUNB1 phenotype can be temperature sensitive.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
8 Q8NB59 Synaptotagmin-14 555"DISEASE: Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive, 11 (SCAR11) [MIM:614229]: Spinocerebellar ataxia is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of cerebellar disorders.
Patients show progressive incoordination of gait and often poor coordination of hands, speech and eye movements, due to degeneration of the cerebellum with variable involvement of the brainstem and spinal cord.
SCAR11 is associated with psychomotor retardation.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
9 Q9Y6V0 Protein piccolo 5142"DISEASE: Pontocerebellar hypoplasia 3 (PCH3) [MIM:608027]: A form of pontocerebellar hypoplasia, a disorder characterized by structural defects of the pons and cerebellum.
Brain MRI shows an abnormally small cerebellum and brainstem, decreased cerebral white matter, and a thin corpus callosum.
PCH3 features include seizures, short stature, optic atrophy, progressive microcephaly, severe developmental delay.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
10 Q68CZ1 Protein fantom 1315"DISEASE: Note=Ciliary dysfunction leads to a broad spectrum of disorders, collectively termed ciliopathies.
Overlapping clinical features include retinal degeneration, renal cystic disease, skeletal abnormalities, fibrosis of various organ, and a complex range of anatomical and functional defects of the central and peripheral nervous system.
The ciliopathy range of diseases includes Meckel-Gruber syndrome, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Joubert syndrome, nephronophtisis, Senior-Loken syndrome, and Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy among others.
Single-locus allelism is insufficient to explain the variable penetrance and expressivity of such disorders, leading to the suggestion that variations across multiple sites of the ciliary proteome, including RPGRIP1L, influence the clinical outcome.
; DISEASE: Joubert syndrome 7 (JBTS7) [MIM:611560]: A disorder presenting with cerebellar ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, hypotonia, neonatal breathing abnormalities and psychomotor delay.
Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by cerebellar vermian hypoplasia/aplasia, thickened and reoriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign).
Additional variable features include retinal dystrophy and renal disease.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: Meckel syndrome 5 (MKS5) [MIM:611561]: A disorder characterized by a combination of renal cysts and variably associated features including developmental anomalies of the central nervous system (typically encephalocele), hepatic ductal dysplasia and cysts, and polydactyly.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
; DISEASE: COACH syndrome (COACHS) [MIM:216360]: A disorder characterized by mental retardation, ataxia due to cerebellar hypoplasia, and hepatic fibrosis.
Patients present the molar tooth sign, a midbrain-hindbrain malformation pathognomonic for Joubert syndrome and related disorders.
Other features, such as coloboma and renal cysts, may be variable.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".
11 Q70J99 Protein unc-13 homolog D 1090"DISEASE: Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 3 (FHL3) [MIM:608898]: A rare disorder characterized by immune dysregulation with hypercytokinemia, defective function of natural killer cell, and massive infiltration of several organs by activated lymphocytes and macrophages.
The clinical features of the disease include fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, and less frequently neurological abnormalities ranging from irritability and hypotonia to seizures, cranial nerve deficits and ataxia.
Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry".